Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(4): 204-207 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2020.031
Are vaccines safe?
- Ústav farmaceutické technologie, Farmaceutická fakulta Masarykovy univerzity, Brno
Vaccines are still a discussed pharmaceuticals. Nowadays, there are groups of activists and experts from different fields around the world protesting against vaccination, especially because of the content of heavy metals and biological additives. In the current Covid-19 pandemic, unrealistic hopes are placed on vaccines with the possibility of developing a safe and effective vaccine within a few months. Both positions undermine the undeniable progress of vaccines in the treatment of infectious diseases. The article briefly mentions the basic types of vaccines, their composition, technology, and evaluation. The public usually do not have access to scientific databases and receives information from activists and popular sources. Due to the impact of these sources, the article reflects this information and refers to expert discussions and statements of regulatory authorities.
Keywords: vaccine, additives, safety, evaluation, ethics.
Published: January 5, 2021 Show citation
References
- Franc A. Vakcíny z pohledu farmaceuta. Čes. slov. Farm. 2020; 69: 151-162.
- ACIP: Acronyms for Vaccines. CDC (updated february 2018) - https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip‑recs/vac‑abbrev.html
- Wen EP, Ellis R, Pujar, NS. Vaccine development and manufacturing. John Wiley & Sons 2014. 456 s.
Go to original source... - Morth M. et al. Vaccine safety basics learning. Geneva: WHO 2018, 207 s.
- Loving S. Vaccine knowledge project, authoritative information for all. Oxford Vaccine Grop. University of Oxford 2016 - https://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/
- Petráš, RM. Účinnost chřipkových vakcín. Prakt lékáren 2008; 6: 27-279.
- Jardim DL, Schwaederle M, Hong DS, Kurzrock R. An appraisal of drug development timelines in the era of precision oncology. Oncotarget; 2019; 33: 53037-53046. Go to original source...
Go to PubMed... - Krbcová L. Jak vznikají vakcíny: první je bezpečnost, až třetí fáze řeší účinnost. Vitalia.cz (6. 6. 2019) - https://www.vitalia.cz/clanky/jak‑vznikaji‑vakciny‑prvni‑je‑bezpecnost‑az‑ve‑treti‑fazi‑ucinnost/
- Aiyer‑Harini P, Ashok‑Kumar HG, Kumar GP, Shivakumar N. An overview of immunologic adjuvants. J Vaccines Vacci 2013; 4, 1000167.
- Krausová J, Prousek J. Vakcíny očami chemika: Čo sa dostáva do detského organizmu pri očkovaní? Sloboda v očkovaní (2. 7. 2013) - https://www.slobodavockovani.sk/news/vakciny‑ocami‑chemika‑co‑sa‑dostava‑do‑detskeho‑organizmu‑pri‑ockovani/
- Petráš M. Hlinitá sůl jako adjuvans ve vakcínách. Vakciny.Net (11. 2. 2017). https://www.vakciny.net/AKTUALITY/akt_2011_31.htm#chapter9_public
- Igbokwe IO, Igwenagu E, Igbokwe NA. Aluminium toxicosis: a review of toxic actions and effects. Interdiscip Toxicol 2019; 12: 45-70. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- General biological products standards. CFR 21:7 (updated 1. 4. 2019).
- Thiomersal and vaccines. Biologics (Vaccines) FDA (current as of: 2. 1. 2018).
- EMA public statement on thiomersal in vaccines for human use. EMEA/CMP/VEG/1194/04 (24. 4. 2014).
- Taylor LE, Swerdfeger AL, Eslick GD. Vaccines are not associated with autism: an evidence‑based meta‑analysis of case‑control and cohort studies. Vaccine 2014; 29: 3623-3629. Go to original source...
- Geier DA, King PG, Hooker BS, Dórea JG, Kern JK, Sykes LK, Geier MR. Thimerosal: clinical, epidemiologic and biochemical studies. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 444: 212-220. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Vaccine Ingredients - Formaldehyde. Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia - https://www.chop.edu/centers‑programs/vaccine‑education‑center/vaccine‑ingredients/formaldehyde
- Dražan, D. Kontraindikace při očkování. Pediatr pro Praxi 2008; 9: 240-242.
- Mahase, E. Covid-19: Russia approves vaccine without large scale testing or published results. BMJ (Online) 2020; 370 - https://www.bmj.com/content/370/bmj.m3205 Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
- Cikrt T. Konflikt zájmů ředitele Prymuly? Horší, než se na první pohled zdálo. Zdravotnický deník (30. 6. 2016) - https://www.zdravotnickydenik.cz/2016/06/konflikt‑zajmu‑reditele‑prymuly‑horsi‑nez‑se‑na‑prvni‑pohled‑zdalo/
- Dudová, V. Průmyslové využití tělíček potracených dětí. Informační oběžník Hnutí pro život ČR 2015; 4: 4.
- Piecuch A, Gryka M, Kozłowska‑Wojciechowska M. Attitudes towards conscientious objection among community pharmacists in Poland. Int J Clin Pharm 2014; 36: 310-315. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...