Je třeba změnit paradigma

MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 3  

Dry eye syndrom - diagnosis, complications and treatment

Petr Výborný, Silvia Sičáková

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 8-11 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2020.001  

Dry eye syndrome is a common ocular disease. Treatment depends on the underlaying cause. Arteficial tears are the usual first line treatment. New tools available to help diagnose the presence of this syndrome and innovative therapeutic trends are discussed.

Probiotics in gynaecology

Petr Jílek, Daniel Leško, Jan Kestřánek

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 12-16 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2020.002  

Probiotics are preparations containing live microorganisms designed to therapeutic and preventive effect on the microbiome, immunity, metabolism and other properties of the person taking them. The role of probiotics, including "gynecological", is to integrate into the ecosystem and change its properties (ideally restore eumicrobia) for at least some time, in a situation where the patient is subjected to vulvovaginal dyscomfort as a consequence of vaginal dysmicrobia caused by various influences (including hormonal contraceptives, personal hygiene, diet, dressing, antibiotics, sex). The composition of individual microbiota shows diversity,...

Psychiatric patient in community pharmacy

Ivana Tašková, Kateřina Langmaierová

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 17-20 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2020.003  

By World Health Organization definition, health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being. One area cannot be separated from another. A psychiatric patient, by the nature of his disease, may or may not respond abnormally in casual situations. To suffer by psychiatric illness, however, does not mean to have less rights. There must be chosen a special approach when dispensing medication, especially sensitive and highly ethical. The psychiatric patient is not only fragile but for the above-mentioned reasons, usually represents different dispensation case in contrast with other somatically ill patients.

Postbiotics and their using in pediatrics

Petr Jabandžiev, Jan Papež, Tereza Pinkasová, Jakub Pecl, Markéta Veverková, Lumír Kunovský

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 21-26 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2020.007  

The optimal development of the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system is associated, among other things, with the proper development and composition of the intestinal microbiota. In addition to prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics, so-called postbiotics may contribute to the modulation of microbial composition and thus to the development of both the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system. Postbiotics are metabolic compounds produced by the probiotic microbes and they affect various biological functions of the host at both local and systemic levels. Lately, in clinical practice, we can find fermented infant formulas containing postbiotics....

Current approach to diagnosing and treating allergic rhinitis

MUDr. Jiří Nevrlka

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 27-34  

Viewing rhinitis through the prism of an uncomplicated transient cold or mild vasomotor disorder may lead to a general underestimation of this diagnosis. Even in society-wide terms, it is necessary to underscore the objective significance of this condition, particularly that of chronic and allergic rhinitis. The aim of the article is to present a fundamental review of the issue of allergic rhinitis, ranging from its characteristics to classification and significance to therapeutic intervention. It also explains the role of an allergist in the system of care for patients affected by allergic rhinitis as well as deals in more detail with the options...

Generic drugs: theory and praxis

Karel Urbánek

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 35-40  

Generic drugs are copies of original medicinal products that do not have to undergo a demanding preclinical and clinical research process for their approval. They must be chemically identical to the original product and have the identic drug formulation. The main benefit of generic medicines is their significantly lower cost, which results from cost savings on preclinical and especially clinical research and development. Without generic medicines, current health systems could not work or be funded. The very concept of generic medicines has never been challenged and the principles of their registration have in principle fully proved its worth. Changing...

Newer plant sources of oils, fats, and waxes

Miloš Potužák

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 48-52 | DOI: 10.36290/lek.2020.006  

In the last 30 years, the import into the Czech Republic of both medicinal and useful plants from all over the world has increased. There has been a noticeable increased interest in healthy lifestyle and phytotherapy of traditional medicines from Asia, Africa, and South America. A requirement has emerged that selected drugs of traditional non-European medicines also be included in the European Pharmacopoeia. Pharmacological testing of medicinal plants has broadened its scope, and the data obtained are used by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) that documents and evaluates the efficacy and safety of medicines, or by the European Food Safety Authority...

Rational treatment of acute respiratory infections in adults

MUDr. Michal Švarc

Prakt. lékáren. 2020; 16(1): 42-47  

Acute respitatory infections are very common in our population. Most of these infections are viral and there is usually no need for antibiotic treatment. Several scoring systems (as CENTOR, CRB65, PSI PORT and others) or C reactive protein measurement can help clinicians to evaluate next steps and whether or not to use antibiotics. Pneumonias and Pertussis however require antibiotics as soon as possible.